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Visgov.net > Constitution of the Kingdom

Constitution of the Kingdom

Type:

Constitution

Status:

In force

Notes:

There are no notes for this legislation.

Preamble

BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE KORU, and in accordance with the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Vistaria, this Constitution is established as the supreme law of the Kingdom, providing for the Koruship, the constituent Nations, the administration of justice, and the rights and freedoms of all persons within the Kingdom.

On September 15, 2026 at 19:00 UTC+2.

Article I- The Kingdom

Section 1- The Kingdom

  1. Vistaria shall be known as the Kingdom of Vistaria, with the Koru as the Kingdom’s sovereign leader.

Section 2- Sovereignty

  1. Sovereignty originates from the Koru, as the ultimate source of all public authority. This authority shall be exercised in accordance with this Constitution and Royal Orders issued by the Koru.
  2. Royal Orders shall constitute the supreme and paramount law of the Kingdom, subject to this Constitution.

Section 3- Territory

  1. The territory of the Kingdom is indivisible and inviolable.
  2. The territory of the Kingdom may only be ceded, transferred or separated by Royal Order.

Article II- The People

Section 4- Awarding Citizenship

  1. Citizenship of the Kingdom is awarded and recognised by the Koru.
  2. Citizenship of the Kingdom shall be granted to any individual born within the borders of the Kingdom, or to any person of Vistarian descent.
  3. Citizenship of the Kingdom may be awarded to any person by the Koru.

Section 5- Revoking Citizenship

  1. Citizenship of the Kingdom is revoked by the Koru.
  2. Citizenship of the Kingdom may be renounced by any citizen who has attained the age of sixteen years and is of sound mind by submitting a declaration to the Koru.
  3. No person shall be deprived of Citizenship of the Kingdom where they would be left stateless and are not likely to acquire citizenship in another state.

Section 6- Confirming Citizenship or Loss of Citizenship

  1. Any person may have their Citizenship of the Kingdom confirmed by the Koru where they are a citizen under applicable laws but are not yet recorded or recognised as such.
  2. Any person may have the loss of their Citizenship of the Kingdom confirmed by the Koru where it has been revoked, renounced or invalidated.

Section 7- Rights and Freedoms

  1. Every person within the Kingdom shall have the right to:
    1. Freedom of speech and expression;
    2. Freedom of religion and belief;
    3. Peaceful assembly;
    4. Freedom of association;
    5. Privacy; and
    6. A fair and impartial trial.
  2. Every person accused of a crime shall be presumed innocent until proven guilty according to law.
  3. No person shall be subject to arbitrary arrest or detention.
  4. Every person within the Kingdom shall be equal before the law.
  5. No person shall be discriminated against on such grounds as may be established by law.
  6. Every Vistarian citizen shall have the right to:
    1. Freedom of movement throughout the Kingdom;
    2. Own and enjoy property in accordance with law;
    3. Education; and
    4. Healthcare.
  7. The rights and freedoms established by this Section may be restricted or suspended by Royal Order where necessary for public safety, national security, the administration of justice or the protection of the lives or rights of others.
  8. The rights established by this Section shall not prevent the lawful restriction of rights where such restriction is authorised by this Constitution or by Royal Order.

Article III- Koruship

Section 8- The Koru

  1. The Koru is the sovereign Head of State of the Kingdom of Vistaria.
  2. The office of the Koru represents the sovereignty, continuity and unity of the State.
  3. The Koru shall possess and exercise the powers and functions granted by or pursuant to this Constitution.
  4. The Koru shall uphold and protect this Constitution and the sovereignty of the people.
  5. The Koru may exercise any power expressly granted to the Kingdom by this Constitution, except where that power is expressly reserved to a constituent Nation.
  6. The Koru may delegate any power or function vested in the Koru to such person, body or institution as they desire, unless this Constitution provides otherwise.
  7. A power delegated by the Koru shall be exercised on behalf of the Koru and may be withdrawn by the Koru.

Section 9- Royal Council

  1. The Royal Council of the Kingdom of Vistaria shall be the institution through which the Koru exercises their powers.
  2. The Royal Council shall consist of such persons as may be appointed by the Koru, in such manner and on such terms as the Koru may determine.
  3. The Royal Council may enact Orders of the Royal Council, hereinafter referred to as Royal Orders, through which the powers of the Koru may be exercised.
  4. The Koru may issue a Royal Order without the approval or consent of any other member of the Royal Council. A Royal Order issued by the Koru shall have the force of law upon enactment.
  5. Any member of the Royal Council may propose and issue a Royal Order with the support of a majority of the Royal Council. Such an Order shall have the force of law upon enactment.
  6. The Koru may repeal or amend any Royal Order issued by the Koru.
  7. The Koru shall not repeal or amend a Royal Order issued by another member of the Royal Council without the support of a majority of the Royal Council, nor shall the Koru issue a Royal Order which contradicts or limits such an Order.

Section 10- Succession

  1. The Koru shall be Willow I or their successors.
  2. The Koru shall serve until death or abdication.
  3. The procedures for succession shall be determined by law.
  4. Where there is no successor, the Royal Council shall elect a Vistarian citizen to serve as Koru.
  5. A successor appointed or elected in accordance with this Constitution shall assume the office of Koru upon the death, abdication or removal of the previous Koru.

Section 11- Regency and Incapacity

  1. Where the Koru is temporarily unable to perform the functions of the office, the Royal Council shall assume the powers and functions of the Koru as Regent.
  2. The Royal Council shall determine whether the Koru is incapacitated and unable to perform the functions of the office.
  3. During a Regency, the Royal Council shall possess all powers and functions of the Koru.
  4. The Royal Council shall cease to act as Regent when it determines that the Koru has regained the capacity to perform the functions of the office.
  5. Where the Koru is determined to be permanently incapacitated, the Royal Council may remove the Koru from office and appoint or elect a new Koru in accordance with this Constitution.
  6. A decision to remove the Koru from office under this Section shall be made by the Royal Council in accordance with procedures established by law.

Article IV- Nations

Section 12- Constituent Nations

  1. The Kingdom shall consist of constituent Nations, each possessing its own constitution and government.
  2. The constituent Nations of the Kingdom shall be Vistaria-proper and such other Nations as may be admitted in accordance with this Constitution.
  3. Each Nation shall exercise such powers and functions as are provided for by its constitution and this Constitution.
  4. The constitution and government of each Nation shall remain subordinate to this Constitution.
  5. The Kingdom shall have no separate government apart from the institutions established by this Constitution.
  6. The Koru shall exercise the governmental and sovereign functions of the Kingdom, subject to this Constitution.
  7. The government of each constituent Nation shall be responsible for the administration and governance of that Nation.

Section 13- Division of Powers

  1. The Kingdom shall have exclusive authority over matters expressly reserved to it by this Constitution or by Royal Order.
  2. The constituent Nations shall have authority over all matters not reserved to the Kingdom by this Constitution or by Royal Order.
  3. The Kingdom shall have exclusive authority over:
    1. Citizenship of the Kingdom;
    2. foreign affairs and diplomacy of the Kingdom;
    3. defence of the Kingdom;
    4. international treaties entered into by the Kingdom;
    5. the territory and borders of the Kingdom;
    6. the admission and removal of constituent Nations;
    7. the Koruship;
    8. the Royal Court and Kingdom-wide judicial matters;
    9. Kingdom-wide criminal law; and
    10. such other matters as are expressly reserved to the Kingdom by this Constitution or Royal Order.
  4. The constituent Nations shall have authority over:
    1. education;
    2. healthcare;
    3. local government;
    4. taxation within the Nation;
    5. criminal law applicable solely within the Nation;
    6. courts and judicial institutions of the Nation;
    7. culture;
    8. planning; and
    9. such other matters as are not reserved to the Kingdom.
  5. The Kingdom may maintain a police force. A constituent Nation may establish and maintain its own police force.
  6. Constituent Nations may conduct foreign affairs and diplomacy where permitted by the Koru.
  7. The Kingdom and constituent Nations may cooperate in matters of defence, foreign affairs, international treaties, territory and other matters of mutual interest.
  8. The Koru shall not remove or transfer a power expressly granted to a constituent Nation by this Constitution through Royal Order.
  9. A power granted to a constituent Nation solely by Royal Order may be altered, transferred or withdrawn by Royal Order.
  10. Where this Constitution or a Royal Order does not expressly assign a power to the Kingdom, that power shall belong to the constituent Nations.

Section 14- Council of Nations

  1. The Council of Nations shall be the institution through which decisions concerning the Kingdom as a whole are made.
  2. The Council of Nations shall consist of the Koru and the Head of Government of each constituent Nation.
  3. The Council of Nations shall have authority to make decisions concerning:
    1. the admission of new constituent Nations into the Kingdom;
    2. the removal of a constituent Nation from the Kingdom;
    3. citizenship requirements, procedures and status;
    4. amendments to this Constitution;
    5. matters concerning the status, powers or constitutional relationship of the constituent Nations; and
    6. such other matters as are expressly assigned to the Council of Nations by this Constitution or Royal Orders.
  4. Any member of the Council of Nations may submit a proposal concerning a matter within the Council’s authority.
  5. A proposal receiving the support of a majority of the Council of Nations shall be approved and shall be binding upon the Kingdom and its constituent Nations.
  6. The Koru shall implement any decision of the Council of Nations within one month of its approval, unless this Constitution provides otherwise.
  7. The Council of Nations shall not exercise powers expressly reserved to the government of a constituent Nation by this Constitution or by the constitution of that Nation.
  8. The Council of Nations may submit a petition to the Royal Council concerning any matter within the authority of the Kingdom.
  9. A petition shall constitute a formal request by the Council of Nations for action to be taken and shall not itself have the force of law.

Section 15- Nations’ Constitutions

  1. The constitution of each constituent Nation must be enacted by Royal Order before it comes into force.
  2. Any amendment to the constitution of a constituent Nation shall not require approval from the Koru.
  3. The constitution of a constituent Nation may only be repealed or amended on the advice of the government of that Nation and in accordance with the procedures established by that constitution.
  4. A constituent Nation’s constitution shall be subordinate to this Constitution and applicable Royal Orders.
  5. A provision of a constituent Nation’s constitution which conflicts with this Constitution or an applicable Royal Order shall be superseded to the extent of the conflict.

Section 16- Relationship between Kingdom and National Law

  1. The following hierarchy shall apply to the laws and constitutional instruments of the Kingdom:
    1. this Constitution;
    2. Royal Orders;
    3. constitutions of constituent Nations;
    4. laws of constituent Nations.
  2. A law or constitutional provision of a lower level shall not override or invalidate a provision of a higher level.
  3. A National law shall not override a Royal Order.
  4. A constituent Nation’s constitution shall not override or invalidate a Royal Order.
  5. Where two provisions of equal authority conflict, the more recently enacted provision shall supersede the earlier provision to the extent of the conflict.
  6. The Royal Court shall have authority to determine the application of this hierarchy in cases brought before it.

Article V- Royal Court

Section 17- Royal Court

  1. The Royal Court shall be the supreme judicial institution of the Kingdom and shall administer justice and adjudicate legal disputes in accordance with this Constitution and the law.
  2. The Royal Court shall have jurisdiction over matters arising under Kingdom law and shall serve as the court of final appeal for the Kingdom.
  3. A constituent Nation may establish and maintain its own judiciary, which may exercise jurisdiction over matters arising under the law of that Nation and, where permitted by this Constitution, matters arising under Kingdom law.
  4. Where a constituent Nation has no judiciary of its own, matters arising within that Nation shall be heard by the Royal Court.
  5. Where a constituent Nation has its own judiciary, a case concerning that Nation shall ordinarily be heard by the judiciary of that Nation before being brought before the Royal Court.
  6. The Royal Court may hear appeals from the judiciary of a constituent Nation in accordance with this Constitution and the law.
  7. No court established by a constituent Nation shall have authority to overrule a decision of the Royal Court.

Section 18- Justices of the Royal Court

  1. The Koru may appoint Justices to the Royal Court.
  2. A person appointed as a Justice of the Royal Court must be a citizen of Vistaria.
  3. Justices of the Royal Court shall hold the style The Right Honourable Lenaru [Name], The Right Honourable Lenara [Name] or The Right Honourable Lenaro [Name], as applicable.
  4. A Justice shall remain in office until their resignation, removal by the Koru, death or such other circumstance as may be provided for by law.
  5. The Koru may appoint a Chief Justice of the Royal Court, who shall be responsible for the administration and organisation of the Royal Court.

Section 19- Cases

  1. Cases before the Royal Court shall be assigned to a Justice, the Koru or another person authorised by this Constitution or by law to preside over proceedings.
  2. A person presiding over a case shall have the authority to hear evidence, determine questions of law and fact, issue judgments and make such orders as are necessary for the administration of justice.
  3. The person presiding over a case shall act impartially and shall determine the case in accordance with this Constitution and the law.
  4. A person presiding over a case shall not be required to obtain the approval or consent of the Koru, the Royal Council or any other person before issuing a judgment.
  5. The Koru shall not interfere with the determination of an individual case while proceedings are ongoing, except where a power expressly granted by this Constitution or by law permits such intervention.
  6. Decisions of the Royal Court shall be binding upon the parties to the case and, where applicable, upon the courts and institutions of the Kingdom.
  7. The Royal Court shall maintain a public record of its judgments and decisions, except where the law provides for proceedings or information to be kept confidential.

Section 20- Appeals

  1. A person may appeal a decision of a constituent Nation’s judiciary to the Royal Court.
  2. The Royal Court shall be the final court of appeal for all matters arising within the Kingdom.
  3. The Royal Court may overturn, uphold or vary a decision of a constituent Nation’s judiciary.
  4. An appeal shall ordinarily be brought before the Royal Court only after the available procedures of the relevant constituent Nation’s judiciary have been exhausted.
  5. A person may bring a case directly before the Royal Court where they are unable to access the judiciary of the relevant constituent Nation.
  6. The Royal Court may establish procedures governing appeals by law or Royal Order.

Section 21- Constitutional Review

  1. The Royal Court shall have the authority to determine whether a Royal Order, National law, constituent Nation’s constitution or other exercise of public authority is consistent with this Constitution.
  2. The Royal Court may declare a provision invalid where it conflicts with this Constitution.
  3. A constitutional challenge may be brought by:
    1. the Government of a constituent Nation;
    2. the Koru;
    3. the Council of Nations; or
    4. a Justice of the Royal Court.
  4. A person or body bringing a constitutional challenge shall demonstrate that there is a genuine constitutional question requiring determination.
  5. A decision of the Royal Court under this Section shall be binding upon the Kingdom and its constituent Nations.
  6. The Royal Court shall have final authority on the interpretation and application of this Constitution.

Article VI- Administration of the Kingdom

Section 22- Kingdom Officials

  1. The Koru may establish such offices and positions within the Kingdom as they consider necessary.
  2. The Koru may appoint any person to a Kingdom office or position.
  3. The Koru may delegate the power to appoint persons to Kingdom offices or positions to any person or body as they desire.
  4. The Koru may dismiss any person appointed to a Kingdom office or position.
  5. Kingdom officials shall exercise their powers and functions on behalf of the Koru.
  6. The Koru may delegate any power or function vested in them to a Kingdom official, subject to any limitations established by this Constitution or Royal Order.
  7. The Koru may establish the duties, powers and terms of any Kingdom office or position by Royal Order.

Section 23- Kingdom Institutions

  1. The Koru may establish Kingdom institutions by Royal Order.
  2. A Kingdom institution may exercise such powers and functions as are assigned to it by the Koru.
  3. The Koru may delegate powers to a Kingdom institution and may authorise that institution to make binding decisions.
  4. A Kingdom institution exercising delegated authority shall remain subject to the Koru and this Constitution.
  5. The Koru may amend, dissolve or replace a Kingdom institution by Royal Order unless this Constitution provides otherwise.

Section 24- Foreign Affairs

  1. The Koru shall represent the Kingdom in international relations.
  2. The Koru may delegate any power relating to the foreign affairs of the Kingdom to any person or body.
  3. The Koru, or any person or body authorised by the Koru, may:
    1. recognise foreign states;
    2. establish or terminate diplomatic relations;
    3. appoint and dismiss ambassadors and other diplomatic representatives;
    4. receive foreign ambassadors and diplomatic representatives;
    5. negotiate and enter into international treaties;
    6. ratify international treaties; and
    7. withdraw from international treaties.
  4. Constituent Nations may conduct their own foreign affairs and diplomacy where authorised by the Koru.
  5. The Council of Nations may submit a petition to the Royal Council concerning any matter of foreign affairs.
  6. A petition submitted under this Section shall constitute the formal position or request of the Council of Nations but shall not bind the Koru unless otherwise provided by this Constitution.

Section 25- Defence

  1. The Kingdom shall maintain armed forces for the defence of the Kingdom.
  2. The Koru shall be the supreme authority over the armed forces of the Kingdom.
  3. The Koru may delegate command or other military powers to any person or body.
  4. A constituent Nation may establish and maintain its own armed forces where authorised by the Koru.
  5. The armed forces of the Kingdom and the armed forces of constituent Nations may cooperate in the defence of the Kingdom.
  6. The Koru, or any person authorised by the Koru, may declare war on behalf of the Kingdom.
  7. The Koru, or any person authorised by the Koru, may authorise military action short of war.
  8. During a state of emergency, control of the armed forces shall be exercised by the Koru or any person authorised by the Koru.
  9. Where the Koru is unable to exercise military authority during a Regency, that authority shall be exercised by the Royal Council.
  10. The Council of Nations may submit a petition to the Royal Council concerning matters of defence.

Section 26- Finance

  1. The Kingdom may possess and administer funds and other financial resources separately from those of the constituent Nations.
  2. The Kingdom shall not levy taxes unless otherwise authorised by a future amendment to this Constitution.
  3. The Koru shall have authority over Kingdom funds.
  4. The Koru may delegate authority over Kingdom funds to any person or body.
  5. A constituent Nation shall not be required to contribute financially to the Kingdom unless it voluntarily agrees to do so.
  6. The Koru may establish arrangements for the receipt, management and expenditure of Kingdom funds by Royal Order.
  7. No Kingdom budget or constitutional audit requirement shall be established unless provided for by Royal Order.

Article VII- Emergencies

Section 27- State of Emergency

  1. A state of emergency may be declared by the Koru or by any person or body authorised by the Koru.
  2. A state of emergency may be declared where circumstances threaten public safety, the State itself, or the lives of persons within the Kingdom, or where immediate or urgent intervention is required to protect people or the State.
  3. A state of emergency shall remain in force for a maximum of two weeks unless renewed in accordance with this Constitution or applicable law.
  4. The Royal Court may declare a state of emergency invalid where it determines that the circumstances required to justify the declaration do not exist.
  5. A declaration of a state of emergency shall specify the circumstances giving rise to the emergency and the powers being exercised in response to it.

Section 28- War

  1. War shall constitute a state of emergency for the purposes of this Constitution.
  2. The powers available during a state of emergency may therefore be exercised during war.
  3. The Koru, or any person authorised by the Koru, may declare war on behalf of the Kingdom.
  4. The Koru may end a war or authorise the conclusion of peace on behalf of the Kingdom.

Section 29- Natural Disaster

  1. A natural disaster or other major disaster may constitute a state of emergency where it meets the requirements of Section 27.
  2. No separate constitutional procedure shall be required for the declaration of an emergency arising from a natural disaster.
  3. The emergency powers established by this Constitution may be exercised where necessary to protect life, public safety or the functioning of the State.

Section 30- Emergency Authority

  1. During a state of emergency, the Koru may temporarily suspend or modify the operation of ordinary laws.
  2. During a state of emergency, the Koru may temporarily suspend or restrict rights and freedoms established by this Constitution where necessary to address the emergency.
  3. During a state of emergency, the Koru may temporarily exercise powers ordinarily belonging to a constituent Nation where necessary to address the emergency.
  4. The Koru may delegate emergency powers to the Royal Council or to any person or body as they consider necessary.
  5. The Royal Council shall exercise the emergency powers of the Koru where the Koru is incapacitated and a Regency is in force.
  6. The Council of Nations may exercise emergency authority only where such authority has been delegated to it by the Koru or the Royal Council.
  7. The Koru may terminate a state of emergency at any time.
  8. The Royal Court may terminate a state of emergency where it determines that the circumstances justifying the emergency no longer exist or that the emergency was unlawfully declared.
  9. Upon termination of a state of emergency, all temporary powers, suspensions and restrictions made solely under the emergency authority shall cease unless otherwise authorised by this Constitution or Royal Order.

Article VIII- Constitutional Amendments

Section 31- Amendment of the Constitution

  1. An amendment to this Constitution may be proposed by the Koru or by the Royal Council.
  2. A proposed amendment shall be submitted to the Council of Nations for consideration.
  3. An amendment shall require the approval of a simple majority of the Council of Nations.
  4. Approval by the Council of Nations shall not itself cause an amendment to come into force.
  5. An amendment approved by the Council of Nations shall require the approval of the Koru before it may come into force.
  6. The Koru may veto a proposed constitutional amendment.
  7. Where the Koru approves an amendment, it shall come into force upon enactment by Royal Order.
  8. No provision of this Constitution shall be immune from amendment.

Article IX- Final Provisions

Section 32- Constitutional Interpretation

  1. This Constitution shall be interpreted according to its text, purpose and the constitutional structure of the Kingdom.
  2. Where the meaning of a provision of this Constitution is disputed, the Royal Court shall have final authority to determine its meaning.
  3. A determination by the Royal Court concerning the interpretation of this Constitution shall be binding upon all institutions of the Kingdom and the constituent Nations.

Section 33- Commencement

  1. This Constitution shall come into force immediately upon its enactment by the Koru.
  2. Upon the commencement of this Constitution, all existing constitutions, laws, Royal Orders and other legal instruments of the Kingdom enacted before this Constitution shall cease to have effect unless expressly preserved by this Constitution or subsequently re-enacted.
  3. All institutions of the Kingdom existing before the commencement of this Constitution shall cease to exist upon its commencement unless established or preserved by this Constitution or by a Royal Order enacted after its commencement.

Section 34- Supremacy of the Constitution

  1. This Constitution shall be binding upon all institutions, officials, constituent Nations and persons exercising public authority within the Kingdom.
  2. No exercise of public authority shall have legal effect to the extent that it is inconsistent with this Constitution.
  3. The Royal Court shall have final authority to determine whether an exercise of public authority is consistent with this Constitution.

Section 35- Severability

  1. Where any provision of this Constitution is determined to be invalid, the remaining provisions shall continue in force to the fullest extent possible.
  2. The invalidity of a provision shall not affect the validity of the remainder of this Constitution.

Section 36- Official Authority

  1. The Koru shall possess such official seals, insignia and other instruments of authority as may be established by Royal Order.
  2. The Koru may establish the procedures for the authentication, publication and enactment of Royal Orders by Royal Order.

Section 37- Continuity of the Kingdom

  1. The Kingdom of Vistaria shall continue as a single sovereign Kingdom notwithstanding changes to the government, constitution or status of any constituent Nation.
  2. The existence of a constituent Nation shall not affect the sovereignty, territorial integrity or continuity of the Kingdom.
  3. The institutions established by this Constitution shall continue to exercise their functions notwithstanding changes to the composition of the constituent Nations, subject to this Constitution.